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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JMIRxMed</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">JMIRx Med</journal-id>
      <journal-title>JMIRx Med</journal-title>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2563-6316</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>JMIR Publications</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>Toronto, Canada</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">v3i3e40303</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="pmid"/>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2196/40303</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Peer Review Report</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="article-type">
          <subject>Peer Review Report</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Peer Review of "Are We Sure We Fully Understand What an Infodemic Is? A Global Perspective on Infodemiological Problems"</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Meinert</surname>
            <given-names>Edward</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib id="contrib1" contrib-type="author">
          <collab>Anonymous</collab>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <season>Jul-Sep</season>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>21</day>
        <month>7</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>3</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <elocation-id>e40303</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>6</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>6</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <copyright-statement>© Anonymous. Originally published in JMIRx Med (https://med.jmirx.org), 21.07.2022.</copyright-statement>
      <copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
      <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
        <p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIRx Med, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://med.jmirx.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.</p>
      </license>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://med.jmirx.org/2022/3/e40303" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <related-article related-article-type="companion" id="preprint36510" ext-link-type="doi" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.36510" vol="1" page="e36510" xlink:title="Preprint:" xlink:type="simple">https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/36510</related-article>
      <related-article related-article-type="companion" id="v3i3e40636" ext-link-type="doi" xlink:href="10.2196/40636" vol="3" page="e40636" xlink:title="Authors' Response to Peer-Review Reports:" xlink:type="simple">https://med.jmirx.org/2022/3/e40636/</related-article>
      <related-article related-article-type="companion" id="v3i3e36510" ext-link-type="doi" xlink:href="10.2196/36510" vol="3" page="e36510" xlink:title="Published Article:" xlink:type="simple">https://med.jmirx.org/2022/3/e36510/</related-article>
      <kwd-group>
        <kwd>communication</kwd>
        <kwd>conspiracy</kwd>
        <kwd>COVID-19</kwd>
        <kwd>education</kwd>
        <kwd>fake news</kwd>
        <kwd>infodemic</kwd>
        <kwd>infodemiology</kwd>
        <kwd>mass media</kwd>
        <kwd>public health</kwd>
        <kwd>risk perception</kwd>
        <kwd>science</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <italic>This is a peer-review report submitted for the paper “Are We Sure We Fully Understand What an Infodemic Is? A Global Perspective on Infodemiological Problems.”</italic>
    </p>
    <sec>
      <title>Round 1 Review</title>
      <sec>
        <title>General Comments</title>
        <p>This paper [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>] aims to highlight principal problems related to the understanding of the infodemic phenomenon. Although it debates interesting aspects of this field, the paper seems incomplete and evasive. Moreover, the authors used problematic definitions for distinct types of information disorder.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Specific Comments</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Major Comments</title>
          <list list-type="order">
            <list-item>
              <p>The neologism “dismisinformation” is problematic; we commonly use “misinformation” as an umbrella term when we cannot distinguish the type of information disorder.</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
              <p>The definition of fake news is advancing toward a specific information disorder, that is, it is not a mere simplification of phenomena (see, for instance, Molina et al [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">2</xref>]).</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
              <p>The authors affirm that infodemics cannot exist without dismisinformation. This sentence is imprecise because information disorder also includes malinformation, fake news, and conspiracy theory. The background adopted by the authors to reflect on the presented problems can be compromised by such misconceptions.</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
              <p>I recommend that the authors concentrate their efforts on a specific problem, presenting a deep argumentation about the mechanisms that contribute to the success of information disorder during the pandemic.</p>
            </list-item>
          </list>
        </sec>
      </sec>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <app-group/>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="conflict">
        <p>None declared.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="ref1">
        <label>1</label>
        <nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name name-style="western">
              <surname>Rovetta</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western">
              <surname>Castaldo</surname>
              <given-names>L</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Are We Sure We Fully Understand What an Infodemic Is? A Global Perspective on Infodemiological Problems</article-title>
          <source>JMIRx Med</source>
          <year>2022</year>
          <volume>3</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>e36510</fpage>
          <comment>
            <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://med.jmirx.org/2022/3/e36510/"/>
          </comment>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2196/36510</pub-id>
        </nlm-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="ref2">
        <label>2</label>
        <nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name name-style="western">
              <surname>Molina</surname>
              <given-names>MD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western">
              <surname>Sundar</surname>
              <given-names>SS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western">
              <surname>Le</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western">
              <surname>Lee</surname>
              <given-names>D</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>“Fake News” Is Not Simply False Information: A Concept Explication and Taxonomy of Online Content</article-title>
          <source>American Behavioral Scientist</source>
          <year>2019</year>
          <month>10</month>
          <day>14</day>
          <volume>65</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>180</fpage>
          <lpage>212</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1177/0002764219878224</pub-id>
        </nlm-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>
